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Type 3 is the predominant type in [[India]]<ref name=Das2002>Das BR, Kundu B, Khandapkar R, Sahni S (2002) Geographical distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in India. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 45(3):323-328</ref> and [[Pakistan]]<ref name=Idrees2008>Idrees M, Riazuddin S (2008) Frequency distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in different geographical regions of Pakistan and their possible routes of transmission. BMC Infect Dis 8:69</ref> followed by type 1.
Curiously genotype 4 is the most common genotype in the [[Arab]] countries of the [[Middle East]] while rare in the non Arab countries.<ref name=Sharara2007>Sharara AI, Ramia S, Ramlawi F, Fares JE, Klayme S, Naman R (2007) Genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among positive Lebanese patients: comparison of data with that from other Middle Eastern countries. Epidemiol Infect 135(3):427-432</ref><ref name=Altuglu2008>Altuglu I, Soyler I, Ozacar T, Erensoy S (2008) Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection in Western Turkey. Int J Infect Dis 12(3):239-244</ref> In [[Egypt]] (where the prevalance rate is ~13% of the population)<ref name=Kamal2009>Kamal SM (2009) Hepatitis C genotype 4 therapy: increasing options and improving outcomes. Liver Int 29 Suppl 1:39-48</ref> the distribution of this genotype (specifically subtype 4a) is thought to be due to the mass treatment programmes for [[schistosomiasis]] in that country from the 1930s until the 1980s when oral treatment became available.<ref name=Tanaka2004>Tanaka Y, Agha S, Saudy N, Kurbanov F, Orito E, Kato T, Abo-Zeid M, Khalaf M, Miyakawa Y, Mizokami M (2004) Exponential spread of hepatitis C virus genotype 4a in Egypt. J Mol Evol 58(2):191-195</ref><ref name=Antaki2010>Antaki N, Craxi A, Kamal S, Moucari R, Van der Merwe S, Haffar S, Gadano A, Zein N, Lai CL, Pawlotsky JM, Heathcote EJ, Dusheiko G, Marcellin P (2010) The neglected hepatitis C virus genotypes 4, 5 and 6: an international consensus report. Liver Int 30(3):342-355</ref> Both types 1 and 4 are common in [[Cameroon]]<ref name=Ndjomou2003>Ndjomou J, Pybus OG, Matz B (2003) Phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis C virus isolates indicates a unique pattern of endemic infection in Cameroon. J Gen Virol 84 (Pt 9):2333-2341</ref> and [[Kenya]].<ref name=Muasya2008>Muasya T, Lore W, Yano K, Yatsuhashi H, Owiti FR, Fukuda M, Tamada MY, Kulundu J, Tukei J, Okoth FA (2008) Prevalence of hepatitis C virus and its genotypes among a cohort of drug users in Kenya. East Afr Med J 85(7):318-325</ref> Type 4 is also found in the [[Central African Republic]],<ref name=Fretz1995>Fretz C, Jeannel D, Stuyver L, Hervé V, Lunel F, Boudifa A, Mathiot C, de Thé G, Fournel JJ (1995) HCV infection in a rural population of the Central African Republic (CAR): evidence for three additional subtypes of genotype 4. J Med Virol 47(4):435-437</ref> [[Gabon]],<ref name=Xu1994>Xu LZ, Larzul D, Delaporte E, Bréchot C, Kremsdorf D (1994) Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is highly prevalent in central Africa (Gabon). J Gen Virol 75 (Pt 9):2393-2398</ref> [[Nigeria]]<ref name=Oni1996>Oni AO, Harrison TJ (1996) Genotypes of hepatitis C virus in Nigeria. J Med Virol 49, 178–186</ref> the [[Republic of the Congo]],<ref name=Cantaloube2010>Cantaloube JF, Gallian P, Bokilo A, Jordier F, Biagini P, Attoui H, Chiaroni J, de Micco P (2010) Analysis of hepatitis C virus strains circulating in Republic of the Congo. J Med Virol 82(4):562-567</ref>[[Tanzania]]<ref name=Rapicetta1998>Rapicetta M, Argentini C, Dettori S, Spada E, Pellizzer G, Gandin C (1998) Molecular heterogeneity and new subtypes of HCV genotype 4. Res Virol 149(5):293-297</ref> and [[Uganda]].<ref name=Biggar2006>Biggar RJ, Ortiz-Conde BA, Bagni RK, Bakaki PM, Wang CD, Engels EA, Mbulaiteye SM, Ndugwa CM (2006) Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 in Ugandan children and their mothers. Emerg Infect Dis 12(9):1440-1443</ref> It has also been isolated in [[Cyprus]],<ref name=Demetriou2009>Demetriou VL, van de Vijver DA; Cyprus HCV Network, Kostrikis LG (2009) Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C infection in Cyprus: evidence of polyphyletic infection. J Med Virol 81(2):238-248</ref>France,<ref name=Nicot2008>Nicot F, Legrand-Abravanel F, Sandres-Saune K, Boulestin A, Dubois M, Alric L, Vinel JP, Pasquier C, Izopet J (2008) Heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 strains circulating in south-western France. J Gen Virol 86(Pt 1):107-114</ref> [[Greece]<ref name=Katsoulidou2006>Katsoulidou A, Sypsa V, Tassopoulos NC, Boletis J, Karafoulidou A, Ketikoglou I, Tsantoulas D, Vafiadi I, Hatzis G, Skoutelis A, Akriviadis E, Vasiliadis T, Kitis G, Magiorkinis G, Hatzakis A (2006) Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Greece: temporal trends in HCV genotype-specific incidence and molecular characterization of genotype 4 isolates. J Viral Hepat 13(1):19-27</ref>and [[Italy]].<ref name=Ansaldi2005>Ansaldi F, Bruzzone B, Salmaso S, Rota MC, Durando P, Gasparini R, Icardi G (2005) Different seroprevalence and molecular epidemiology patterns of hepatitis C virus infection in Italy. J Med Virol 76(3):327-332</ref><ref name=Sereno2009>Sereno S, Perinelli P, Laghi V (2009) Changes in the prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotype among Italian injection drug users-relation to period of injection started. J Clin Virol 45(4):354-357</ref>
Genotype 5 found mainly in [[South Africa]]<ref name=Chamberlain1997>Chamberlain RW, Adams NJ, Taylor LA, Simmonds P, Elliott RM (1997) The complete coding sequence of hepatitis C virus genotype 5a, the predominant genotype in South Africa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 236(1):44-49</ref> (40% of cases) but it is also found in [[Belgium]],<ref name=Verbeeck2006>Verbeeck J, Maes P, Lemey P, Pybus OG, Wollants E, Song E, Nevens F, Fevery J, Delport W, Van der Merwe S, Van Ranst M (2006) Investigating the origin and spread of hepatitis C virus genotype 5a. J Virol 80(9):4220-4226</ref> Cyprus,<ref name=Demetriou2009>Demetriou VL, van de Vijver DA; Cyprus HCV Network, Kostrikis LG (2009) Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C infection in Cyprus: evidence of polyphyletic infection. J Med Virol 81(2):238-248</ref> [[France]],<ref name=Henquell2004>Henquell C, Cartau C, Abergel A, Laurichesse H, Regagnon C, De Champs C, Bailly JL, Peigue-Lafeuille H (2004) High prevalence of hepatitis C virus type 5 in central France evidenced by a prospective study from 1996 to 2002. J Clin Microbiol 42(7):3030-3035</ref> [[Nambia]],<ref name=Vardas1999>Vardas E, Sitas F, Seidel K, Casteling A, Sim J (1999) Prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies and genotypes in asymptomatic, first-time blood donors in Namibia. Bull World Health Organ 77(12):965-972</ref> [[Spain]]<ref name=Jover2001>Jover R, Pérez-Serra J, de Vera F, Alamo JM, Muñoz C, Yago C, Martínez-Ramírez R, Vidal JV (2001) Infection by genotype 5a of HCV in a district of southeast Spain. Am J Gastroenterol 96(10):3042-3043</ref> and [[Syria]].<ref name=Antaki2009>Antaki N, Haddad M, Kebbewar K, Abdelwahab J, Hamed O, Aaraj R, Alhaj N, Haffar S, Assil M, Ftayeh M, Assaad F, Doghman D, Ali T, Nasserelddine M, Ali A, Antaki F; Syrian Working Group for the Study of Viral Hepatitis (2009) The unexpected discovery of a focus of hepatitis C virus genotype 5 in a Syrian province. Epidemiol Infect 137(1):79-184</ref>
Genotype 6 is most common in Asia and represents perhaps 1/3 of all cases.<ref name=Anonymous1997>Anonymous (1997) Hepatitis C. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 72(10):65-69</ref> It is found in [[Cambodia]],<ref name=Akkarathamrongsin2011>Akkarathamrongsin S, Praianantathavorn K, Hacharoen N, Theamboonlers A, Tangkijvanich P, Poovorawan Y (2011) Seroprevalence and genotype of hepatitis C virus among immigrant workers from Cambodia and Myanmar in Thailand. Intervirology 54(1):10-16</ref> [[China]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Indonesia]],<ref name=Tokita1996>Tokita H, Okamoto H, Iizuka H, Kishimoto J, Tsuda F, Lesmana LA, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M (1996) Hepatitis C virus variants from Jakarta, Indonesia classifiable into novel genotypes in the second (2e and 2f), tenth (10a) and eleventh (11a) genetic groups. J Gen Virol 77 (Pt 2):293-301</ref>[[Laos]],<ref name=Hübschen2011>Hübschen JM, Jutavijittum P, Thammavong T, Samountry B, Yousukh A, Toriyama K, Sausy A, Muller CP (2011) High genetic diversity including potential new subtypes of hepatitis C virus genotype 6 in Lao People's Democratic Republic. Clin Microbiol Infect 17(12):E30-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03665.x.</ref> [[Myanmar]] (48% of cases),<ref name=Lwin2007>Lwin AA, Shinji T, Khin M, Win N, Obika M, Okada S, Koide N (2007) Hepatitis C virus genotype distribution in Myanmar: Predominance of genotype 6 and existence of new genotype 6 subtype. Hepatol Res 37(5):337-345</ref> [[Thailand]]<ref name=Apichartpiyakul1999>Apichartpiyakul C, Apichartpiyakul N, Urwijitaroon Y, Gray J, Natpratan C, Katayama Y, Fujii M, Hotta H (1999) Seroprevalence and subtype distribution of hepatitis C virus among blood donors and intravenous drug users in northern/northeastern Thailand. Jpn J Infect Dis 52(3):121-123</ref> and [[Vietnam]] (52% of cases)<ref name=Noppornpanth2006>Noppornpanth S, Lien TX, Poovorawan Y, Smits SL, Osterhaus AD, Haagmans BL (2006) Identification of a naturally occurring recombinant genotype 2/6 hepatitis C virus. J Virol 80(15):7569-7577</ref>. It is also found in [[United States|America]]ns and [[Australia]]ns<ref name=Kaba1998>Kaba S, Dutta U, Byth K, Crewe EB, Khan MH, Coverdale SA, Lin R, Liddle C, Farrell GC (1998) Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C in Australia. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 13(9):914-920</ref> of [[Asia]]n origin. It is a diverse genotype and now contains genotypes that were originally classified as genotypes 7, 8, 9 and 11.<ref name=Tokita1997>Tokita H, Okamoto H, Iizuka H, Kishimoto J, Tsuda F, Lesmana LA, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M (1997) Hepatitis C virus variants from Jakarta, Indonesia classifiable into novel genotypes in the second (2e and 2f), tenth (10a) and eleventh (11a) genetic groups. J Gen Virol 77 (Pt 2):293-301</ref>
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